UNIT 9A
3. GRAMMAR
REPORTED SPEECH
REPORTED SPEECH
6a_direct_speech_reported_speech_4.doc | |
File Size: | 53 kb |
File Type: | doc |
Typical mistakes:
· don't confuse tell and say, e.g. He said me (that) he was ill; He told me (that) he was ill; He said to me (that) he was ill.
· don't forget to change the tenses, e.g. The waiter said he will call the manager; The waiter said he would call the manager.
· don't forget to change the word order in reported questions, e.g. She asked him what was his name; She asked him what his name was.
REPORTING COMMANDS AND REQUESTS:
Verb theory:
told/ asked+ (not) to +infinitive
+
Draw my husband with a moustache.
One customer told me to draw her husband with a moustache.
+
Open the door.
He told us to open the door.
-
Don't open the door.
She told them not to open the door.
?
Will you marry me?
One handsome man asked me to marry him.
Typical mistakes:
· not using an infinitive, e.g. He told me I not worry; He told me that I don't worry; He told me not to worry.
· forgetting to use the infinitive with to, e.g. He told me not worry; He told me not to worry.
TYPICAL REPORTING VERBS:
told/ asked+ personal object (you, my sister, David, them, ...)
I told you I would be late.
I asked my sister if she would lend me some money.
said+ personal object
I said I would be late.
said+ to + personal object (you, my sister, David, them, ...)
I said to him I would be late.
· don't confuse tell and say, e.g. He said me (that) he was ill; He told me (that) he was ill; He said to me (that) he was ill.
· don't forget to change the tenses, e.g. The waiter said he will call the manager; The waiter said he would call the manager.
· don't forget to change the word order in reported questions, e.g. She asked him what was his name; She asked him what his name was.
REPORTING COMMANDS AND REQUESTS:
Verb theory:
told/ asked+ (not) to +infinitive
+
Draw my husband with a moustache.
One customer told me to draw her husband with a moustache.
+
Open the door.
He told us to open the door.
-
Don't open the door.
She told them not to open the door.
?
Will you marry me?
One handsome man asked me to marry him.
Typical mistakes:
· not using an infinitive, e.g. He told me I not worry; He told me that I don't worry; He told me not to worry.
· forgetting to use the infinitive with to, e.g. He told me not worry; He told me not to worry.
TYPICAL REPORTING VERBS:
told/ asked+ personal object (you, my sister, David, them, ...)
I told you I would be late.
I asked my sister if she would lend me some money.
said+ personal object
I said I would be late.
said+ to + personal object (you, my sister, David, them, ...)
I said to him I would be late.
reporting_verbs_wsh.doc | |
File Size: | 46 kb |
File Type: | doc |
OTHER REPORTING VERBS
Common reporting verbs - say pattern
The following common reporting verbs follow the same pattern as say
i.e. verb + (that) + clause :
admit
advise*
agree
announce
claim
complain
confirm
declare
explain
insist
mention
promise*
propose
say
suggest
warn*
The following common reporting verbs follow the same pattern as say
i.e. verb + (that) + clause :
admit
advise*
agree
announce
claim
complain
confirm
declare
explain
insist
mention
promise*
propose
say
suggest
warn*
Common reporting verbs - tell pattern
The following common verbs follow the same pattern as tell
i.e. verb + direct object + (that) + clause :
advise
assure
convince
inform
notify
persuade
promise
reassure
remind
tell
warn
The following common verbs follow the same pattern as tell
i.e. verb + direct object + (that) + clause :
advise
assure
convince
inform
notify
persuade
promise
reassure
remind
tell
warn
Reporting actions : requests, promises etc
These are usually reported using an infintive structure :
reporting verb + infintive with to
Examples:
They argreed to pay the legal costs.
He promised to come as soons as possible.
Common reporting verbs that follow this pattern are :
agree
ask
claim
demand
offer
promise
propose
refuse
threaten
Some verbs can be followed by an object and infintive :
reporting verb + direct object + infintive with to
Examples:
He reminded me to call Kath.
She warned them not to mention it.
Common reporting verbs that follow this pattern are :
advise
ask
beg
convince
encourage
forbid
instruct
invite
order
persuade
remind
tell
urge
warn (not to)
These are usually reported using an infintive structure :
reporting verb + infintive with to
Examples:
They argreed to pay the legal costs.
He promised to come as soons as possible.
Common reporting verbs that follow this pattern are :
agree
ask
claim
demand
offer
promise
propose
refuse
threaten
Some verbs can be followed by an object and infintive :
reporting verb + direct object + infintive with to
Examples:
He reminded me to call Kath.
She warned them not to mention it.
Common reporting verbs that follow this pattern are :
advise
ask
beg
convince
encourage
forbid
instruct
invite
order
persuade
remind
tell
urge
warn (not to)
Reporting verbs followed by a gerund
Some reporting verbs are followed by a gerund, not an infinitive :
Direct speech : 'Why don't we have the party at Peter's place?'
Reported speech : She suggested having the party at Peter's place.
Common reporting verbs that can be followed by a gerund are :
admit
deny
mention
proposed
report
suggest
Note: All of these reporting verbs can also use a verb + that + clause structure (see above).
Compare :
He admitted that he had taken the money.
He admitted taking the money.
Some reporting verbs are followed by a gerund, not an infinitive :
Direct speech : 'Why don't we have the party at Peter's place?'
Reported speech : She suggested having the party at Peter's place.
Common reporting verbs that can be followed by a gerund are :
admit
deny
mention
proposed
report
suggest
Note: All of these reporting verbs can also use a verb + that + clause structure (see above).
Compare :
He admitted that he had taken the money.
He admitted taking the money.
reported_speech_theory_3.ppt | |
File Size: | 233 kb |
File Type: | ppt |