UNIT 2C
1. GRAMMAR
Time sequencers and connectors:
· Time sequencers:- to say when or in what order things happen.
after that (= after)
· On our first date we went to the cinema. After that we started meeting every day.
On our first date we went to the cinema. After we started meeting every day.
later
next day
On Monday I had an argument with my boss. Next day I decided to look for a new job.
one evening in October (*)
One evening in October I was at home waiting for my brother to come.
suddenly
Suddenly a man ran in front of me and took the taxi.
then
On our first date we went to the cinema. Then we started meeting every day.
two minutes later (*)
We sat down to eat. Two minutes later the waiter came.
when
· When I came out of the restaurant my friend was waiting for me.
· The accident happened when he was crossing the road.
· I was watching TV when the phone rang. (when can join two actions)
then = after that
(*)
· one evening in October / one morning in February / one afternoon in December / one night in July / ... one day in 2008
· two minutes later / one minute later / three minutes later / four minutes later / five minutes later / ... a few minutes later / a few seconds later / a few hours later / ... one hour later / two hours later / three hours later / ...
Time sequencers and connectors:
· Time sequencers:- to say when or in what order things happen.
after that (= after)
· On our first date we went to the cinema. After that we started meeting every day.
On our first date we went to the cinema. After we started meeting every day.
later
next day
On Monday I had an argument with my boss. Next day I decided to look for a new job.
one evening in October (*)
One evening in October I was at home waiting for my brother to come.
suddenly
Suddenly a man ran in front of me and took the taxi.
then
On our first date we went to the cinema. Then we started meeting every day.
two minutes later (*)
We sat down to eat. Two minutes later the waiter came.
when
· When I came out of the restaurant my friend was waiting for me.
· The accident happened when he was crossing the road.
· I was watching TV when the phone rang. (when can join two actions)
then = after that
(*)
· one evening in October / one morning in February / one afternoon in December / one night in July / ... one day in 2008
· two minutes later / one minute later / three minutes later / four minutes later / five minutes later / ... a few minutes later / a few seconds later / a few hours later / ... one hour later / two hours later / three hours later / ...
Examples:
After/ after that / then
I made a cup of coffee after I got dressed.
I made a cup of coffee then I got dressed
1st/ 2nd
First, I got dressed, second, I made a cup of coffee
· Connectors:
although / though
/ɔːlˈðəʊ/ - /ðəʊ/
· Although she tried to stop the car, she hit the man.
· She couldn't sleep although she was very tired.
Although can go at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence.
Though is a colloquial, abbreviation of although. Though is not usually used at the beginning of a sentence.
because
/bɪˈkɒz/
She was driving fast because she was in a hurry.(REASON)
but
/bʌt/
· She tried to stop the car, but she hit the man.
· She was very tired, but she couldn't sleep.
so
/səʊ/
· She was in a hurry, so she was driving fast.(RESULT)
· She was tired, so she went to bed. (RESULT)
So has another completely different meaning which is to intensify adjectives: He was so tired that he went to bed at 9pm.
We usually put a comma before although, because, but, so, etc.
After/ after that / then
I made a cup of coffee after I got dressed.
I made a cup of coffee then I got dressed
1st/ 2nd
First, I got dressed, second, I made a cup of coffee
· Connectors:
although / though
/ɔːlˈðəʊ/ - /ðəʊ/
· Although she tried to stop the car, she hit the man.
· She couldn't sleep although she was very tired.
Although can go at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence.
Though is a colloquial, abbreviation of although. Though is not usually used at the beginning of a sentence.
because
/bɪˈkɒz/
She was driving fast because she was in a hurry.(REASON)
but
/bʌt/
· She tried to stop the car, but she hit the man.
· She was very tired, but she couldn't sleep.
so
/səʊ/
· She was in a hurry, so she was driving fast.(RESULT)
· She was tired, so she went to bed. (RESULT)
So has another completely different meaning which is to intensify adjectives: He was so tired that he went to bed at 9pm.
We usually put a comma before although, because, but, so, etc.
Watch this video
If you want extra practice, do the following activities:
Conjunctions 1: http://www.agendaweb.org/grammar/conjunctions-exercises.html
Conjunctions 1: http://www.agendaweb.org/grammar/conjunctions-exercises.html
Conjunctions and Connectors 2: www.agendaweb.org/grammar/conjunctions-connectors-exercises.html
2. PRONUNCIATION
· word stress
This year in Básico 2 you will learn:
Remember that there are exceptions:
· two-syllable nouns:
· two-syllable adjectives:
most of them are stressed on the first syllable
· mother, building, hockey, London, China, mountain, photo, actor, garden, water, ...
· happy, evil, clever, little, orange, purple, perfect, ...
· hotel, ...(exception)
· two-syllable verbs:
· two-syllable prepositions:
· two-syllable connectors:
many of them are stressed on the second syllable
· agree, arrive, appear, attack, believe, control, create, decide, defense, design, direct, discuss,include, produce, return, success, support, ...
· behind, between, without, around, across, beyond, ...
· before, because, although, ago, unless, ...
· enter, ... (exception)
· after, ... (exception)
· during, whether, ... (exception)
· word stress
This year in Básico 2 you will learn:
Remember that there are exceptions:
· two-syllable nouns:
· two-syllable adjectives:
most of them are stressed on the first syllable
· mother, building, hockey, London, China, mountain, photo, actor, garden, water, ...
· happy, evil, clever, little, orange, purple, perfect, ...
· hotel, ...(exception)
· two-syllable verbs:
· two-syllable prepositions:
· two-syllable connectors:
many of them are stressed on the second syllable
· agree, arrive, appear, attack, believe, control, create, decide, defense, design, direct, discuss,include, produce, return, success, support, ...
· behind, between, without, around, across, beyond, ...
· before, because, although, ago, unless, ...
· enter, ... (exception)
· after, ... (exception)
· during, whether, ... (exception)