unit 7d
2. GRAMMAR
The Passive
ACTIVE PASSIVE
Present
You make the beds. The beds are made by you.
You make the bed. The bed is made by you.
He writes a letter. The letter is written by him.
-
She doesn't open the door. The door isn't opened by her.
?
Do they phone you? Are you phoned by them?
Past
+
She stopped two taxis. Two taxis were stopped by her.
Past
+
She stopped the taxi. The taxi was stopped by her.
Past
-
I didn't win the prize. The prize wasn't won by me.
Past
?
Did you inform her? Was she informed by you?
The Passive
ACTIVE PASSIVE
Present
You make the beds. The beds are made by you.
You make the bed. The bed is made by you.
He writes a letter. The letter is written by him.
-
She doesn't open the door. The door isn't opened by her.
?
Do they phone you? Are you phoned by them?
Past
+
She stopped two taxis. Two taxis were stopped by her.
Past
+
She stopped the taxi. The taxi was stopped by her.
Past
-
I didn't win the prize. The prize wasn't won by me.
Past
?
Did you inform her? Was she informed by you?
Un truco: toma cuál es el tiempo verbal de la activa para formar la pasiva utilizando el verbo to be en ese tiempo verbal y luego utiliza el verbo de la oración activa en su forma de participio (3ª columna).Convierte el sujeto de la activa en Complemento Agente de la pasiva (si es un sujeto importante o conocido) y utiliza by. Por último convierte el O.D. de la activa en sujeto de la pasiva.
Es decir, en la oración You make the beds, ten en cuenta que make está en presente simple, por lo que necesitas escribir el verbo to be en presente simple (am / is / are) y el verbo make de la oración activa en participio (made). Pasa el sujeto You a Complemento Agente de la pasiva (by you), y el O.D. de la activa (the beds) en sujeto de la pasiva, por lo que oración queda en The beds are made by you.
In the active sentence, the focus is more on the person (e.g. Leonardo Da Vinci).
In the passive sentence the focus is more on the painting (e.g. Mona Lisa).
The passive is often used in English where other languages use an impersonal subject, e.g. It is said that they won't be invited to the wedding (Se dice que ...).
Es decir, en la oración You make the beds, ten en cuenta que make está en presente simple, por lo que necesitas escribir el verbo to be en presente simple (am / is / are) y el verbo make de la oración activa en participio (made). Pasa el sujeto You a Complemento Agente de la pasiva (by you), y el O.D. de la activa (the beds) en sujeto de la pasiva, por lo que oración queda en The beds are made by you.
In the active sentence, the focus is more on the person (e.g. Leonardo Da Vinci).
In the passive sentence the focus is more on the painting (e.g. Mona Lisa).
The passive is often used in English where other languages use an impersonal subject, e.g. It is said that they won't be invited to the wedding (Se dice que ...).