avanzado 2
3. GRAMMAR
CONDITIONALS WITH PRESENT TENSES
Revise the conditionals that you've learnt previously.
CONDITIONALS WITH PRESENT TENSES
Revise the conditionals that you've learnt previously.
4a_1st_conditional_theory_1.doc | |
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4b_2nd_conditional_theory_1.doc | |
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To sum up the previous charts:
0 Conditional:
if-clause (real events)
If I ask about doing other stuff, he just tells me to be patient.
What's the condition?: he asks about doing other stuff.
What's the result? his boss tells him to be patient.
1st Conditional:
if-clause (probable events)
It might get better if I just give it a bit more time.
What's the condition?: he gives it a bit more time.
What's the result?: it might get better.
Conditionals with present tenses in if-clauses, to talk about things that are generally true, or that are likely to happen in the future:
0 Conditional:
if-clause (real events)
If I ask about doing other stuff, he just tells me to be patient.
What's the condition?: he asks about doing other stuff.
What's the result? his boss tells him to be patient.
1st Conditional:
if-clause (probable events)
It might get better if I just give it a bit more time.
What's the condition?: he gives it a bit more time.
What's the result?: it might get better.
Conditionals with present tenses in if-clauses, to talk about things that are generally true, or that are likely to happen in the future:
If-clause
if + present simple if + present continuous if + present perfect simple if + present perfect continuous |
result clause
- present tenses · should · be going to + verb · can, might · will + verb |
We use present tenses in if-clauses to talk about things that are generally true, or that are likely to happen in the future.
We can use: if + present simple if + present continuous if + present perfect simple if + present perfect continuous |
I get paid extra if I work overtime. (= always / whenever) If you are having problems (=now / at the moment), you can always talk to me. If you have finished that (=already), could you make me a coffee? It's impossible to concentrate properly on what you are doing if you have been working too hard (= from the past to now). |
The result clause can express:
typical consequences (present tenses):
give advice (should) express plans (be going to + verb) express possibility (can, might) talk about promises or definite results (will + verb) |
If we miss a deadline, we don't get paid.
If you need any more help with anything, just ask. If it's that bad, you should think about leaving. What are you going to do if you don't get the promotion? If I get this promotion, I can finally buy a place of my own. I might call you if I am strugging with my homework. If they invest more in education, it will help the economy. |
There are several fixed expressions used in if-clauses:
If nothing goes wrong, we are going to move in the spring.
If the worst comes to the worst, I will have to get a factory job.
If all else fails, I will just have to work part time while I study.
If nothing goes wrong, we are going to move in the spring.
If the worst comes to the worst, I will have to get a factory job.
If all else fails, I will just have to work part time while I study.
9. GRAMMAR
CONDITIONALS WITH PAST TENSES (2nd/ 3rd and Mixed Conditionals)
CONDITIONALS WITH PAST TENSES (2nd/ 3rd and Mixed Conditionals)
Unreal situations
Here you have all conditionals including the mixed ones.
What are mixed conditionals?
When we talk about mixed conditionals, we are referring to conditional sentences that combine two different types of conditional patterns. These combinations are not all that frequent. The most common combination is with the second and third conditionals. One situation referring to the past (past perfect) and it's consequence in the present (would+infinitive).
Eg. If I had taken up the medicine the doctor prescribed me, I wouldn't be lying in bed so far.
Another possibility, less common, is when we have a type 2 conditional in the if-clause (if + past simple) followed by a type 3 conditional (would've + past participle) in the main clause.
With this combination, we are describing present circumstances in relation to a previous past event:
Eg. If you weren't such a bad dancer, you would've got a job in that musical.
When we talk about mixed conditionals, we are referring to conditional sentences that combine two different types of conditional patterns. These combinations are not all that frequent. The most common combination is with the second and third conditionals. One situation referring to the past (past perfect) and it's consequence in the present (would+infinitive).
Eg. If I had taken up the medicine the doctor prescribed me, I wouldn't be lying in bed so far.
Another possibility, less common, is when we have a type 2 conditional in the if-clause (if + past simple) followed by a type 3 conditional (would've + past participle) in the main clause.
With this combination, we are describing present circumstances in relation to a previous past event:
Eg. If you weren't such a bad dancer, you would've got a job in that musical.
Conditionals with past tenses, in if-clauses to speculate about unreal / unlikely situations in the present / future:
(if-clauses with the past perfect speculate about past situations)
(if-clauses with the past perfect speculate about past situations)
Related videos with this topic.