unit 12D
1. VOCABULARY
Education
Education
School subjects
- algebra
- archaeology
- art
- band
- biology
- botany
- chemistry
- computer science
- drama
- economics
- English
- French
- geography
- geology
- geometry
- German
- history
- home economics
- IT or ICT (Information Computers and Technology)
- language arts
- literature
- math
- mathematics
- music
- P.E. (Physical Education)
- physics
- psychology
- reading
- science
- social studies
- world geography
- writing
2. PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING
/A/
/A/
/ju:/
REMEMBER:
- The letter u has several different pronunciation but between consonants, or at the beginning of a word, it is usually, (but not always) /A/, eg. sun, luck, summer or /ju:/, e.g. music, tune, student.
- If the u is pronounced /A/ (i.e. a vowel sound), then an is used, e.g. an umbrella, an uncle. But if u is pronounced /ju:/ (i.e. a consonant sound) then a is used, e.g. a university, a useful book.
3. LISTENING
The Choir- BBC 2
An extraordinary school for boys- BBC 2 series
1. According to the head master, there are a lot of girls who haven't made the progress in reading and writing.
2. The boys aren't as able as girls.
3. The head teacher asked for help from a choir master.
4. Gareth Malone thinks most of boys enjoy school.
5. The students are going to be taught at the end of the final exams.
Answers:
1. F (more boys than girls)
2. F (the boys are as capable as girls)
3. T
4. F (he thinks most boys are bored with school)
5. T
2. The boys aren't as able as girls.
3. The head teacher asked for help from a choir master.
4. Gareth Malone thinks most of boys enjoy school.
5. The students are going to be taught at the end of the final exams.
Answers:
1. F (more boys than girls)
2. F (the boys are as capable as girls)
3. T
4. F (he thinks most boys are bored with school)
5. T
British schools vs. American schools
U.S. System of Education
differences_in_uk_and_us_systems.doc | |
File Size: | 211 kb |
File Type: | doc |
millionaire_british_schools.ppt | |
File Size: | 1826 kb |
File Type: | ppt |
us_educational_system.ppt | |
File Size: | 1671 kb |
File Type: | ppt |
schools_in_the_uk.ppt | |
File Size: | 391 kb |
File Type: | ppt |
what_different_types_of_schools.doc | |
File Size: | 45 kb |
File Type: | doc |
5. GRAMMAR
First conditional and future time clauses
Remember that you studied the first conditional last year.
First conditional and future time clauses
Remember that you studied the first conditional last year.
Here you will learn to use:
A typical mistake includes: using a future form after when, unless, etc., e.g. I'll call you when I'll arrive (WRONG) --> I'll call you when I arrive (RIGHT)
- unless + present simple / will + infinitive (imperative or going to): you use it instead of if ... not, in conditional sentences.
- as soon as+ present tense (with a future meaning) / will + infinitive (imperative or going to) = the moment when
- when+ present tense (with a future meaning) / will + infinitive (imperative or going to)
A typical mistake includes: using a future form after when, unless, etc., e.g. I'll call you when I'll arrive (WRONG) --> I'll call you when I arrive (RIGHT)
Zero Conditional
- We use the zero conditional when we want to talk about facts or things that are generally true. Scientific facts are often covered by the zero conditional: "When you heat ice, it melts."
- The zero conditional uses if or when and must be followed by the simple present or imperative.
"When it rains, tennis lessons are held in the gym."
"If it rains, tennis lessons are held in the gym."
"When John is out of the office, I take his calls."
"If John is out of the office, I take his calls."
- It is important to remember that this condition is not realated to the past, present or future - it only applies to things which are ALWAYS true.
Future time clauses
Unless/ If not (negative conditional)
First conditional songs
4a_1st_conditional_theory.doc | |
File Size: | 60 kb |
File Type: | doc |
Second conditional (If+past, would+infinitive)
Listen to these songs in the second conditional
Listen to these songs in the second conditional
Pay attention to the second conditional sentences in this episode of The Big Bang Theory.
Pay attention to the second conditional sentences in this episode of The Big Bang Theory.
Notice the use of the second conditional in this episode of Friends
Here you have the theory of the different types of conditionals. Watch the video carefully to learn them.
Second conditional song
USES OF THE SECOND CONDITIONAL
FORM: If+past simple/ would, wouldn't+ infinitive
COMPARE: I don't have a car, so I can't pick you up from the port. (REAL SITUATION)
If I had a car, I would pick you up from the port. (IMAGINARY SITUATION)
FORM: If+past simple/ would, wouldn't+ infinitive
- Use the second conditional to talk about a hypothetical/ imaginary situation in the present or the future and its consequences.
COMPARE: I don't have a car, so I can't pick you up from the port. (REAL SITUATION)
If I had a car, I would pick you up from the port. (IMAGINARY SITUATION)
- After I/he/she/it you can use was or were (although were is more formal), e.g. If I was/were younger, I'd have another child. BUT in the expression If I were you... (TO GIVE ADVICE) you MUST use were NOT was.
- Typical mistakes!
- Using would in both clauses, e.g. If I would have more time, I would help you. (WRONG)
- Mixing up the form of first and second conditionals, e.g. If I knew he phone number, I'll call her.(WRONG)
- Using a first conditional where a second would be more appropriate or vice versa, e.g. If I'm shorter, I can wear those shoes.(WRONG)
- If I was you, I would talk to her. (WRONG)
4b_2nd_conditional_theory.doc | |
File Size: | 37 kb |
File Type: | doc |
SPEAKING ACTIVITY
Second Conditional
Finish the sentences using the second conditional
Second Conditional
Finish the sentences using the second conditional
if_i_were...doc | |
File Size: | 155 kb |
File Type: | doc |
CONDITIONAL PRATICE
Choose the best conditional and make a sentence with the situation given.
1. You know that your best friend is not very good at English, tomorrow he has his exam. As you probably have some free time later, offer to help your friend.
2. Your friend came yesterday to Ceuta, but you didn't know he was coming so you didn't pick him up from the port.
3. You dream of winning the lottery. You would like to buy a buy car for your family.
4. You want to travel to Australia but you don't have the money to go there.
5. You have a headache, you always take an aspirin.
Choose the best conditional and make a sentence with the situation given.
1. You know that your best friend is not very good at English, tomorrow he has his exam. As you probably have some free time later, offer to help your friend.
2. Your friend came yesterday to Ceuta, but you didn't know he was coming so you didn't pick him up from the port.
3. You dream of winning the lottery. You would like to buy a buy car for your family.
4. You want to travel to Australia but you don't have the money to go there.
5. You have a headache, you always take an aspirin.
CREATIVE SHORT WRITING
If someone has your name, how would this person look and act?
If you could time-travel to last week, for one hour, what would you do?
If you could time-travel to last week, for one hour, what would you do?
MORE LISTENING
Programme about comparing education at present and in the past
Programme about comparing education at present and in the past
6. SPEAKING
Role Play
A Your son/daughter is starting secondary school next year. He/She wants to know what different kinds of schools there are nowadays in order to choose the best option. Tell him/her also the main differences there are between them (school rules, boys/girls in class, dress code, ...) and what subjects they offer.
B You are starting secondary school next year. You want to know what different kinds of schools there are nowadays in order to choose the best option. Ask your father/mother to tell you about it. Ask him/her also the main differences there are between them (school rules, boys/girls in class, dress code, ...) and what subjects they offer. Try to choose one and give a reason.
Role Play
A Your son/daughter is starting secondary school next year. He/She wants to know what different kinds of schools there are nowadays in order to choose the best option. Tell him/her also the main differences there are between them (school rules, boys/girls in class, dress code, ...) and what subjects they offer.
B You are starting secondary school next year. You want to know what different kinds of schools there are nowadays in order to choose the best option. Ask your father/mother to tell you about it. Ask him/her also the main differences there are between them (school rules, boys/girls in class, dress code, ...) and what subjects they offer. Try to choose one and give a reason.
WRITING
TOPIC: You are a teacher in the UK. Today you've received an email from a friend of yours who is interested in sending his son/daughter to study a year in the UK, he/she wants to know: the kinds of schools, discipline, dress code, subjects, homework, types of accommodation, extra-activities, etc, in order to choose the best school. Mention the type of school that you teach at. Also talk about further education. Send an e-mail giving all this information. (120-150 words)
What is the Difference Between Teaching in State vs. Private Schools?
Budget (presupuesto)
Private
The budget of a private school typically comes from a combination of tuition and fundraising. This means that the overall budget of a school is dependent on how many students are enrolled and the overall wealth of the donors who support it
State
The bulk of the budget of a public school is driven by local property taxes and state education aid.
Certification
State schools require a minimum of a bachelor’s degree and a teaching certificate to be a certified teacher. These requirements are set by the state; where as requirements for private schools are set by their individual governing boards. Most private schools typically follow the same requirements as public schools. However, there are a few private schools that do not require a teaching certificate and in some cases may employee teachers without a specific degree.
Curriculum and Assessment
For state schools, the curriculum is mostly driven by state objectives and for most states will soon be driven by the Common Core State Standards. Individual districts may also have additional objectives based on their individual community needs.
Private schools can essentially develop and implement their own curriculum and assessments. One of the major differences is that private schools may incorporate religious curriculum into their schools whereas public schools cannot. Most private schools are founded based on religious principles so this allows them to indoctrinate their students with their beliefs. Other private schools may choose to focus more on a specific area such as math or science.
Discipline
State schools typically have more major discipline issues such as violence and drugs than private schools do. State school administrators spend the majority of their time handling student discipline issues.
Private schools tend to have more parental support which often leads to less discipline issues. They also have more flexibility than public schools when it comes to removing a student from a classroom or removing them from school all together. State schools are required to take every student who lives in their district. A private school can simply end their relationship with a student who continuously refuses to follow their expected policies and procedures.
Diversity
A limiting factor for private schools is their lack of diversity. State schools are much more diverse than private schools in many areas including ethnicity, socioeconomic status, student needs, and academic ranges.
EnrolLment (matriculación)
State schools are required to take every student no matter their disability, academic level, religion, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, etc. It is common for there to be 30-40 students in a single classroom in a public school.
Private schools control their enrollment. This allows them to keep class sizes in a more ideal 15-18 student range. Controlling enrollment also is beneficial for teachers. Students are academically are much closer than a typical public school classroom.
Parental Support
In public schools the amount of parental support for the school varies. It is typically dependent upon the community where the school is located. Unfortunately there are communities that do not value education and only send their kids to school because it is a requirement or because they think of it as free baby sitting. There are also many public school communities who value education and provide tremendous support. Those public schools with low support provide a different set of challenges than those with high parental support.
Private schools almost always have tremendous parental support. After all they are paying for their child’s education and when money is exchanged there is an unspoken guarantee that they intend to be involved with their child’s education. Parental involvement is very important in the overall academic growth and development of a child. It also makes a teacher’s job easier.
Pay
A surprising fact is that public school teachers are typically paid more than private school teachers. However this does depend on the individual school itself, so it may not necessarily be the case. Some private schools may also offer benefits that public schools do not including tuition for higher education, housing, or meals.
One reason that public school teachers are typically paid more is because most private schools do not have a teacher’s union (sindicato).
Adapted from: teaching.about.com
Budget (presupuesto)
Private
The budget of a private school typically comes from a combination of tuition and fundraising. This means that the overall budget of a school is dependent on how many students are enrolled and the overall wealth of the donors who support it
State
The bulk of the budget of a public school is driven by local property taxes and state education aid.
Certification
State schools require a minimum of a bachelor’s degree and a teaching certificate to be a certified teacher. These requirements are set by the state; where as requirements for private schools are set by their individual governing boards. Most private schools typically follow the same requirements as public schools. However, there are a few private schools that do not require a teaching certificate and in some cases may employee teachers without a specific degree.
Curriculum and Assessment
For state schools, the curriculum is mostly driven by state objectives and for most states will soon be driven by the Common Core State Standards. Individual districts may also have additional objectives based on their individual community needs.
Private schools can essentially develop and implement their own curriculum and assessments. One of the major differences is that private schools may incorporate religious curriculum into their schools whereas public schools cannot. Most private schools are founded based on religious principles so this allows them to indoctrinate their students with their beliefs. Other private schools may choose to focus more on a specific area such as math or science.
Discipline
State schools typically have more major discipline issues such as violence and drugs than private schools do. State school administrators spend the majority of their time handling student discipline issues.
Private schools tend to have more parental support which often leads to less discipline issues. They also have more flexibility than public schools when it comes to removing a student from a classroom or removing them from school all together. State schools are required to take every student who lives in their district. A private school can simply end their relationship with a student who continuously refuses to follow their expected policies and procedures.
Diversity
A limiting factor for private schools is their lack of diversity. State schools are much more diverse than private schools in many areas including ethnicity, socioeconomic status, student needs, and academic ranges.
EnrolLment (matriculación)
State schools are required to take every student no matter their disability, academic level, religion, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, etc. It is common for there to be 30-40 students in a single classroom in a public school.
Private schools control their enrollment. This allows them to keep class sizes in a more ideal 15-18 student range. Controlling enrollment also is beneficial for teachers. Students are academically are much closer than a typical public school classroom.
Parental Support
In public schools the amount of parental support for the school varies. It is typically dependent upon the community where the school is located. Unfortunately there are communities that do not value education and only send their kids to school because it is a requirement or because they think of it as free baby sitting. There are also many public school communities who value education and provide tremendous support. Those public schools with low support provide a different set of challenges than those with high parental support.
Private schools almost always have tremendous parental support. After all they are paying for their child’s education and when money is exchanged there is an unspoken guarantee that they intend to be involved with their child’s education. Parental involvement is very important in the overall academic growth and development of a child. It also makes a teacher’s job easier.
Pay
A surprising fact is that public school teachers are typically paid more than private school teachers. However this does depend on the individual school itself, so it may not necessarily be the case. Some private schools may also offer benefits that public schools do not including tuition for higher education, housing, or meals.
One reason that public school teachers are typically paid more is because most private schools do not have a teacher’s union (sindicato).
Adapted from: teaching.about.com
What do US students do every morning before starting their classes?
They say the Pledge of Allegiance
They say the Pledge of Allegiance