UNIT 7B
1. READING AND LISTENING
These are the Spencer sisters: Kitty, Eliza and Amelia.
The story the book tells is a true story which was in the news.
Vocabulary:
twins = either of two persons or animals conceived at the same time (mellizo en Spanish).
twins = identical twin (gemelo in Spanish).
country house = a large house in the country, especially a mansion belonging to a wealthy family.
stanav = short word for satellite navigation, also known as GPS, used in cars.
Vocabulary:
twins = either of two persons or animals conceived at the same time (mellizo en Spanish).
twins = identical twin (gemelo in Spanish).
country house = a large house in the country, especially a mansion belonging to a wealthy family.
stanav = short word for satellite navigation, also known as GPS, used in cars.
This is Stamford Bridge Stadium
This is Stamford Bridge (a village in the North of England near York)
2. GRAMMAR
The past simple is used for completed actions in the past, both distant and recent.
The form of regular past simple verb is very easy.
· There isn't a third person change. All verbs end in -ed.
Present Simple
Past Simple
I want
I wanted
You want
You wanted
He wants
He wanted
She wants
She wanted
It wants
It wanted
We want
We wanted
You want
You wanted
They want
They wanted
I don't want
I didn't want
You don't want
You didn't want
He doesn't want
He didn't want
She doesn't want
She didn't want
It doesn't want
It didn't want
We don't want
We didn't want
You don't want
You didn't want
They don't want
They didn't want
Do I want ...?
Did I want ...?
Do you want ...?
Did you want ...?
Does he want ...?
Did he want ...?
Does she want ...?
Did she want ...?
Does it want ...?
Did it want ...?
Do we want ...?
Did we want ...?
Do you want ...?
Did you want ...?
Do they want ...?
Did they want ...?
Yes, I do.
Yes, I did.
Yes, you do.
Yes, you did.
Yes, he does.
Yes, he did.
Yes, she does.
Yes, she did.
Yes, it does.
Yes, it did.
Yes, we do.
Yes, we did.
Yes, you do.
Yes, you did.
Yes, they do.
Yes, they did.
No, I don't
No, I didn't.
No, you don`t.
No, you didn't.
No, he doesn't.
No, he didn't.
No, she doesn't.
No, she didn't.
No, it doesn't.
No, it didn't.
No, we don't.
No, we didn't.
No, you don't.
No, you didn't.
No, they don't.
No, they didn't.
The form of regular past simple verb is very easy.
· There isn't a third person change. All verbs end in -ed.
Present Simple
Past Simple
I want
I wanted
You want
You wanted
He wants
He wanted
She wants
She wanted
It wants
It wanted
We want
We wanted
You want
You wanted
They want
They wanted
I don't want
I didn't want
You don't want
You didn't want
He doesn't want
He didn't want
She doesn't want
She didn't want
It doesn't want
It didn't want
We don't want
We didn't want
You don't want
You didn't want
They don't want
They didn't want
Do I want ...?
Did I want ...?
Do you want ...?
Did you want ...?
Does he want ...?
Did he want ...?
Does she want ...?
Did she want ...?
Does it want ...?
Did it want ...?
Do we want ...?
Did we want ...?
Do you want ...?
Did you want ...?
Do they want ...?
Did they want ...?
Yes, I do.
Yes, I did.
Yes, you do.
Yes, you did.
Yes, he does.
Yes, he did.
Yes, she does.
Yes, she did.
Yes, it does.
Yes, it did.
Yes, we do.
Yes, we did.
Yes, you do.
Yes, you did.
Yes, they do.
Yes, they did.
No, I don't
No, I didn't.
No, you don`t.
No, you didn't.
No, he doesn't.
No, he didn't.
No, she doesn't.
No, she didn't.
No, it doesn't.
No, it didn't.
No, we don't.
No, we didn't.
No, you don't.
No, you didn't.
No, they don't.
No, they didn't.
3. PRONUNCIATION
-ed endings:
1. voiced ending (all the rest
not included in 2. or 3.) + -ed = /d/
2. unvoiced ending (/k/, /p/, /f/, Eg. book/ booked /t/, stop/ stopped /t/
/s/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/) + -ed = /t/
3. /d/ or /t/ ending + -ed /ɪd/
-ed endings:
1. voiced ending (all the rest
not included in 2. or 3.) + -ed = /d/
2. unvoiced ending (/k/, /p/, /f/, Eg. book/ booked /t/, stop/ stopped /t/
/s/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/) + -ed = /t/
3. /d/ or /t/ ending + -ed /ɪd/
PAST SIMPLE REGULAR VERBS
Voiced and unvoiced consonants:
Voiced consonants sounds are made in the throat by vibrating the vocal chords, e.g. /b/, /l/, /m/, /v/, etc.
Unvoiced consonant sounds are made in the mouth without vibration in the mouth, e.g. /p/, /k/, /t/, /s/, etc.
Hold one of your hands against your throat. You should feel a vibration in your throat when you pronounce the voiced sounds, but not for unvoiced sounds.
Voiced consonants sounds are made in the throat by vibrating the vocal chords, e.g. /b/, /l/, /m/, /v/, etc.
Unvoiced consonant sounds are made in the mouth without vibration in the mouth, e.g. /p/, /k/, /t/, /s/, etc.
Hold one of your hands against your throat. You should feel a vibration in your throat when you pronounce the voiced sounds, but not for unvoiced sounds.
4. VOCABULARY
Use the past simple with past time expressions:
· five minutes ago, two hours ago, seven hours ago, ...
· this morning, this afternoon, this evening.
· yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, last night.
· two days ago, three days ago, eight days ago, ten days ago, seventeen days ago, ...
· last week (NOT the last week), last weekend (NOT the last weekend), ...
· last month, last October, last April, last January, ... (NOT the last month, the last October, the last April, the last January, ...)
· last summer, last winter, ... (NOT the last summer, the last winter)
· last year (NOT the last year)
· a year ago, two years ago, five years ago, ..., a long time ago.
You may use today with the past simple but if the action happened before than the moment of speaking and was finished in the past, e.g. I arrived late for class today.
TRAVEL - VOCABULARY:
· A journey is when you travel from one place to another by car, train, plane, etc. , e.g. We had a long journey. (= viaje de ida, trayecto)
· Travel is normally used as a verb, e.g. I travel a lot. (= viajar)
· A trip is when you go somewhere, either for a holiday or on business, stay there, and come back again, e. g. We want to plan the trip to have everything under control. (= viaje, excursión, recorrido).
· A flight is when you go somewhere by plane, e.g. I can't miss my flight. (= vuelo)
· a plane / an aeroplane is a heavier-than-air powered flying vehicle with fixed wings.
· to book is to reserve (a place, passage, ticket, etc) or engage the services of (a performer, driver, etc) in advance.
Use the past simple with past time expressions:
· five minutes ago, two hours ago, seven hours ago, ...
· this morning, this afternoon, this evening.
· yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, last night.
· two days ago, three days ago, eight days ago, ten days ago, seventeen days ago, ...
· last week (NOT the last week), last weekend (NOT the last weekend), ...
· last month, last October, last April, last January, ... (NOT the last month, the last October, the last April, the last January, ...)
· last summer, last winter, ... (NOT the last summer, the last winter)
· last year (NOT the last year)
· a year ago, two years ago, five years ago, ..., a long time ago.
You may use today with the past simple but if the action happened before than the moment of speaking and was finished in the past, e.g. I arrived late for class today.
TRAVEL - VOCABULARY:
· A journey is when you travel from one place to another by car, train, plane, etc. , e.g. We had a long journey. (= viaje de ida, trayecto)
· Travel is normally used as a verb, e.g. I travel a lot. (= viajar)
· A trip is when you go somewhere, either for a holiday or on business, stay there, and come back again, e. g. We want to plan the trip to have everything under control. (= viaje, excursión, recorrido).
· A flight is when you go somewhere by plane, e.g. I can't miss my flight. (= vuelo)
· a plane / an aeroplane is a heavier-than-air powered flying vehicle with fixed wings.
· to book is to reserve (a place, passage, ticket, etc) or engage the services of (a performer, driver, etc) in advance.