UNIT 6A
The Devil Wears Prada
1. GRAMMAR
Present Simple he, she, it + and -
Verbs name an action or describe a state of being. Every sentence must have a verb. There are three basic types of verbs:
1. Action verbs:
tell what the subject does. The action can be visible (jump, walk, laugh) or mental (think, learn, study).
They can be transitive (need a direct object, I buy books) or intransitive (they don't need a direct object, Who called?).
I walk everyday.
2. Non-action verbs:
join the subject and the predicate. They don't show action. They help the words at the end of the sentence name or describe the subject.
(be, feel, grow, seem, smell, remain, appear, sound, stay, look, taste, turn, become)
He is a tall boy.
3. Auxiliary verbs:
are added to another verb to make the meaning clearer. Verb phrases are made up of one main verb and one or more helping verbs.
(to be, do, have, shall, should, will, would, can, could, may, might, must)
They haven't arrived home.
They will travel to Paris soon.
Present Simple he, she, it + and -
Verbs name an action or describe a state of being. Every sentence must have a verb. There are three basic types of verbs:
1. Action verbs:
tell what the subject does. The action can be visible (jump, walk, laugh) or mental (think, learn, study).
They can be transitive (need a direct object, I buy books) or intransitive (they don't need a direct object, Who called?).
I walk everyday.
2. Non-action verbs:
join the subject and the predicate. They don't show action. They help the words at the end of the sentence name or describe the subject.
(be, feel, grow, seem, smell, remain, appear, sound, stay, look, taste, turn, become)
He is a tall boy.
3. Auxiliary verbs:
are added to another verb to make the meaning clearer. Verb phrases are made up of one main verb and one or more helping verbs.
(to be, do, have, shall, should, will, would, can, could, may, might, must)
They haven't arrived home.
They will travel to Paris soon.
TO BE
I am
you are he/she/ it is we are you are they are |
I'm not
you aren't he/she/it isn't we aren't you aren't they aren't |
Am I...?
Are you...? Is he/she/it...? Are we...? Are you...? Are they...? |
TO HAVE GOT (tener/ poseer)
I have got
you have got he/she/it has got we have got you have got they have got |
I haven't got
you haven't got he/she/it hasn't got we haven't got you haven't got they haven't got |
Have I got...?
have you got...? has he/she/ it got...? have we got...? have you got...? have they got...? |
VERBS WITH DO/DOES
I work
you work he/she/it works we work you work they work |
I don't work
you don't work he/she/it doesn't work we don't work you don't work they don't work |
Do I work?
Do you work? Does he/she/it work? Do we work? Do you work? Do they work? |
SPELLING:
Third person singular (remember that these rules are the same for nouns, you learnt it in Básico 1 - Unit 1D):
Third person singular (remember that these rules are the same for nouns, you learnt it in Básico 1 - Unit 1D):
normal rule
-s
read- reads
speak-speaks
play - plays
live - lives
walk - walks
-s
read- reads
speak-speaks
play - plays
live - lives
walk - walks
vowel, ch, sh, x, s, z, zz, ss.
-es
go - goes
teach - teaches
wash - washes
fix - fixes
pass - passes
-es
go - goes
teach - teaches
wash - washes
fix - fixes
pass - passes
consonant -y
-ies
study - studies
-ies
study - studies
2. PRONUNCIATION
-s
-s
-es |
/p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, /θ/
(unvoiced consonants) vowels, /b/, /d/, /g/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /r/, /v/ (voiced consonants) /s/, /z/, /ʒ/, /dʒ/, /ʃ/, /x/, /tʃ/ |
/s/
/z/ /iz/ |
stops /ps/
eats /ts/ cooks /ks/ - speaks /ks/ - drinks /ks/ - likes /ks/ laughs /fs/ does /ʌz/- studies /iz/ - plays /iz/ - goes /uz/
grabs /bz/ lids /dz/ digs /gz/ fails /lz/ comes /mz/ earns /nz/ - rains /nz/ wears /rz/ loves /vz/ - lives /vz/ places /siz/ chooses /ziz/ judges /dʒiz/ - changes /dʒiz/ washes /ʃiz/ - finishes /ʃiz/ fixes /xiz/ watches /tʃiz/ |
Voiced consonant sounds: are made in the throat by vibrating the vocal chords, e.g. /b/, /l/, /m/, /v/, etc.
Unvoiced consonant sounds: are made in the mouth without vibrarion in the mouth, e.g. /p/, /k/, /t/, /s/, etc.
Unvoiced consonant sounds: are made in the mouth without vibrarion in the mouth, e.g. /p/, /k/, /t/, /s/, etc.
3. VOCABULARY
Jobs and places of work
WHAT DO YOU DO?
I'm a/an ...
actor / actress- actor/actriz
administrative- administrativo/a
administrator- administrador/a
architect- arquitecto/a
artist- artista
beautician (/bjuːˈtɪʃən/)- esteticien
builder- albañil, constructor
butcher- carnicero/a (A butcher works in a butcher's)
baker- panadero/a (A baker's works in a baker's).
bullfighter- torero/a
bus driver- conductor/a de autobús
chef (= cook)- cocinero
chemist / pharmacist- farmacéutico/a
clinical technician in laboratories- técnico de laboratorio clínico
comedian- humorista
computer programmer- programador de ordenadores
counselor- orientador/a (en un centro escolar)
dentista- dentista
doctor- doctor /a
engineer- ingeniero /a
factory worker- trabajador de una fábrica
farmer- granjero/a
fashion designer- diseñador de moda
film director- director de cine
fireman /firefighter- bombero
flight attendant- auxiliar de vuelo
footballer- jugador de fútbol
gardener- jardinero/a
government employee- funcionario público
hairdresser- peluquero/a (A hairdresser works in a hairdresser's).
housekeeper- asistente de hogar
interpreter- intérprete
journalist / reporter- periodista
lawyer- abogado/a
(bank) manager- manager (gerente) de banco
masseuse (/mæˈsɜːz/)- masajista
mechanic- mecánico
military man / soldier /military woman- militar
model- modelo
musician
nurse- enfermero /a
painter- pintor
photographer- fotógrafo
pilot- piloto
plumber- fontanero/a
police officer / policeman / policewoman- oficial de policía
receptionist- recepcionista
scientist- científico
secretary-
security guard- guarda de seguridad
shop assistant- dependiente/a (The shop assistant works in a clothes shop).
social educator- educador social
soldier- soldado
staff- personal (de una empresa)
taxi driver- taxista
teacher / school teacher/ primary school teacher / secondary school teacher
translator / interpreter- traductor/a
travel agent- agente de viajes
veterinarian / vet- veterinario
waiter / waitress- camarero/a
retired- jubilado
unemployed- desempleado/a (BE CAREFUL! Eg. She's unemployed)
Se suele preguntar What do you do? cuando no sabemos a qué se dedica la otra persona, ya que nos puede responder I'm a student. / I'm retired. / I'm unemployed.
Se puede preguntar What's your job? si sabemos que la otra persona tiene un empleo.
I'm a/an ...
actor / actress- actor/actriz
administrative- administrativo/a
administrator- administrador/a
architect- arquitecto/a
artist- artista
beautician (/bjuːˈtɪʃən/)- esteticien
builder- albañil, constructor
butcher- carnicero/a (A butcher works in a butcher's)
baker- panadero/a (A baker's works in a baker's).
bullfighter- torero/a
bus driver- conductor/a de autobús
chef (= cook)- cocinero
chemist / pharmacist- farmacéutico/a
clinical technician in laboratories- técnico de laboratorio clínico
comedian- humorista
computer programmer- programador de ordenadores
counselor- orientador/a (en un centro escolar)
dentista- dentista
doctor- doctor /a
engineer- ingeniero /a
factory worker- trabajador de una fábrica
farmer- granjero/a
fashion designer- diseñador de moda
film director- director de cine
fireman /firefighter- bombero
flight attendant- auxiliar de vuelo
footballer- jugador de fútbol
gardener- jardinero/a
government employee- funcionario público
hairdresser- peluquero/a (A hairdresser works in a hairdresser's).
housekeeper- asistente de hogar
interpreter- intérprete
journalist / reporter- periodista
lawyer- abogado/a
(bank) manager- manager (gerente) de banco
masseuse (/mæˈsɜːz/)- masajista
mechanic- mecánico
military man / soldier /military woman- militar
model- modelo
musician
nurse- enfermero /a
painter- pintor
photographer- fotógrafo
pilot- piloto
plumber- fontanero/a
police officer / policeman / policewoman- oficial de policía
receptionist- recepcionista
scientist- científico
secretary-
security guard- guarda de seguridad
shop assistant- dependiente/a (The shop assistant works in a clothes shop).
social educator- educador social
soldier- soldado
staff- personal (de una empresa)
taxi driver- taxista
teacher / school teacher/ primary school teacher / secondary school teacher
translator / interpreter- traductor/a
travel agent- agente de viajes
veterinarian / vet- veterinario
waiter / waitress- camarero/a
retired- jubilado
unemployed- desempleado/a (BE CAREFUL! Eg. She's unemployed)
Se suele preguntar What do you do? cuando no sabemos a qué se dedica la otra persona, ya que nos puede responder I'm a student. / I'm retired. / I'm unemployed.
Se puede preguntar What's your job? si sabemos que la otra persona tiene un empleo.
Jobs and Occupations
6. SPEAKING AND WRITING
Think about two people you know and write two paragraphs answering these questions.
1. What does he/ she do?
2. Where does he/ she work?
3. Does he/ she speak English at work?
4. Does he / she like his/ her job? Why?
1. What does he/ she do?
2. Where does he/ she work?
3. Does he/ she speak English at work?
4. Does he / she like his/ her job? Why?